Glossary

Cold email vocabulary, in plain English

Bounce
A permanent (hard) or temporary (soft) delivery failure. >2% hard bounces will damage sender reputation.
Deliverability
The likelihood that an email lands in the Inbox rather than Spam or Promotions.
DKIM
DomainKeys Identified Mail. A cryptographic signature added to every outbound email to prove it wasn't forged.
DMARC
A policy that tells receivers what to do when SPF and DKIM don't align. p=quarantine or p=reject required for Gmail bulk senders.
Envelope sender
The Return-Path address — where bounces go. Often different from the visible From: header.
Reputation
A per-domain, per-IP score maintained by each mailbox provider. Rebuilding a burned domain takes months.
Seed inbox
A real recipient mailbox (usually a Gmail app-password account) used to receive warmup traffic and rescue from Spam.
SPF
Sender Policy Framework — a DNS TXT record listing which IPs are allowed to send email for your domain.
Warmup
The process of gradually increasing send volume from a new domain to build sender reputation with mailbox providers.
List-Unsubscribe
RFC 8058 header required by Gmail's 2024 bulk-sender rules. One-click unsubscribe.